LOCAL WISDOM-BASED CHARACTER EDUCATION MANAGEMENT STRATEGY AT SMAN 1 BAYAN, BAYAN DISTRICT, NORTH LOMBOK

Abstract

Character education in schools often remains ceremonial, so its values fade once students leave school. This study describes how Bayan local wisdom is implemented in character education at SMAN 1 Bayan, North Lombok, identifies its supporting and inhibiting factors, and formulates an ideal management strategy model. Using a qualitative single case study design, primary data were gathered through in-depth interviews with the school principal, a teacher, and a customary leader of the Majelis Emban Adat Bayan, complemented by a character-evaluation questionnaire from one student and secondary data on the school's profile, vision, and code of conduct (987 students, 64 staff). Data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model with source triangulation. Findings show that local wisdom is currently integrated through an insertion pattern into subjects and customary rituals, following a shift away from a more structured weekly cultural program. The values of mentabe (respectful speech toward elders) and nyeloka alus (refined speech) serve as daily references for character assessment, while customary deliberation (gundem/sangkep) has been adapted to resolve student conflicts. Supporting factors include the school's geographic-cultural proximity to the customary community and customary leaders' involvement in developing the P5 curriculum; inhibiting factors include the absence of a formal policy framework, the vulnerability of the cultural program to displacement, and tension among groups who view some customary practices as insufficiently aligned with Islamic teaching. This study recommends a management strategy integrating four functions (planning, organizing, actuating, controlling) with a formal, structured school-customary institution partnership.