THE VALIDITY OF SIMULTANEOUS IJAB-QABUL FOR TWO COUPLES IN A SINGLE MAJLIS: A FIQH MUNAKAHAT ANALYSIS OF MARRIAGE PRACTICES AT KUA DANAU PANGGANG

Abstract

This research is motivated by a unique phenomenon at Kantor Urusan Agama (KUA) Danau Panggang, where the execution of simultaneous ijab-qabul for two couples in a single majlis occurs to anticipate the surge in marriage queues during Ramadan. This practice raises legal questions regarding the validity of marriage contracts, which are conventionally conducted individually. This study aims to examine the validity and legal implications of conducting simultaneous ijab-qabul for two couples in a single majlis through the lens of Fiqh Munakahat. The primary research questions focus on how the technical execution (kaifiyah) of this simultaneous contract is performed and its compliance with the requirements of shighat, clarity of the marriage object (ta'yin al-ma'qud 'alaihi), and unity of the assembly (ittihad al-majlis). This study employs an empirical quantitative method with an Islamic legal-sociological approach. Data were collected through surveys and structured interviews with registrars (penghulu), guardians (wali), and couples at KUA Danau Panggang. The results indicate that the majority of respondents perceive the simultaneous ijab-qabul as fulfilling the fundamental elements of Fiqh Munakahat, provided that the designation of the marriage object is explicitly stated without causing ambiguity among the witnesses. In conclusion, the practice of simultaneous ijab-qabul for two couples in a single majlis at KUA Danau Panggang is considered valid under Islamic law, given the precision of the shighat and full compliance with marriage pillars.